How do I fix 'Linker command failed with exit code 1' in Xcode/Swift?

When encountering the 'Linker command failed with exit code 1' error in Xcode while working with Swift, it typically indicates that there are linking issues in your project. This error may arise due to various reasons, such as missing frameworks, duplicate symbols, or incorrect build settings. Below are some common steps to help resolve this issue:

  • Check Frameworks and Libraries: Ensure that all necessary frameworks are included in your project. Go to your project settings, navigate to the 'General' tab, and check the 'Linked Frameworks and Libraries' section.
  • Clean Your Build: Sometimes, residual build data can cause issues. Go to the 'Product' menu and select 'Clean Build Folder' (by holding down the 'Option' key while clicking the menu).
  • Check for Duplicate Symbols: If you've created a library or added a third-party framework, check for duplicate class names that might be causing conflicts.
  • Update Build Settings: Make sure the 'Architectures' and 'Build Active Architecture Only' settings in the build settings are correctly configured.
  • Review Code and Dependencies: Double-check your code and any dependencies you have introduced into the project, as they may have unresolved references.

If you follow these steps and still encounter issues, consider looking at the full error log in the Xcode console for more specific insights into the cause of the error.


Linker command failed with exit code 1 Xcode Swift linking issues build settings duplicate symbols