What are Perl object-oriented programming features

Perl offers a variety of object-oriented programming (OOP) features that allow developers to create modular, reusable, and maintainable code. Here are some key features of Perl OOP:

  • Packages: Perl uses packages to define namespaces for classes, facilitating the organization of code.
  • Inheritance: Perl supports inheritance, enabling a class to use methods and attributes from another class.
  • Encapsulation: Perl allows you to hide the internal state of an object, exposing only necessary methods to interact with it.
  • Methods: You can define methods (subroutines) within a class to operate on its objects.
  • Constructor and Destructor: Perl provides constructors to initialize objects and destructors for cleanup.

Here is a basic example of a Perl object-oriented program:

# Define a package (class) package Animal; # Constructor sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = { name => shift, }; bless $self, $class; return $self; } # Method sub speak { my $self = shift; return "The animal named " . $self->{name} . " makes a sound."; } # Usage my $dog = Animal->new("Dog"); print $dog->speak(); # Outputs: The animal named Dog makes a sound.

Perl object-oriented programming OOP classes inheritance encapsulation

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