How does map, grep, sort interact with Unicode and encodings?

In Perl, handling Unicode with functions like `map`, `grep`, and `sort` can lead to unexpected results if you don't consciously manage character encodings. This is particularly important when dealing with strings that contain non-ASCII characters.

By default, if you do not specify a UTF-8 encoding for your strings and the input data is using Unicode, you may encounter issues with sorting and matching, as these functions might not interpret the characters correctly.

To handle Unicode in these contexts, always ensure that your Perl script is correctly set up to handle UTF-8, typically through the `use utf8;` pragma and setting the appropriate encoding layer. This ensures that the operations done by `map`, `grep`, and `sort` behave as expected.

Example


        use strict;
        use warnings;
        use utf8;                      # pragma to declare UTF-8 in the script
        use open ':std', ':utf8';    # to handle input/output as UTF-8

        my @data = ('apple', 'éclair', 'banana', 'avocado');
        
        # Sort the array
        my @sorted = sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } @data;
        
        # Filter using grep with Unicode support
        my @filtered = grep { /é/ } @sorted;

        # Use map to transform the data
        my @uppercased = map { uc($_) } @filtered;

        print "@uppercased\n";       # Outputs: ÉCLAIR

Perl Unicode encodings map grep sort UTF-8 character encoding string manipulation

How does map, grep, sort interact with Unicode and encodings?

Example

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How does map, grep, sort interact with Unicode and encodings?

Example

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Recent Languages