How does file permission handling (umask) interact with Unicode and encodings?

In Perl, file permission handling (umask) determines the default file permissions for newly created files. The umask value is subtracted from the system's default permissions, controlling what rights are given to the file's owner, group, and others. Understanding how umask interacts with Unicode and encodings is important, especially when filenames or content involve non-ASCII characters.

When creating files with Unicode names or content in Perl, you need to ensure that the umask doesn't restrict the file permissions required for proper access. Using the appropriate encoding is also crucial to avoid issues related to file handling.

Here's a simple example demonstrating how to set umask, create a file with a UTF-8 encoded name, and write Unicode content to it in Perl: