What are security considerations for ftp and sftp commands?

When considering the use of FTP (File Transfer Protocol) and SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), there are important security aspects to keep in mind:

• Data Encryption: FTP transfers data in plain text, making it vulnerable to interception. SFTP, on the other hand, encrypts data, providing a secure transmission environment.
• Authentication Mechanisms: FTP typically uses basic username and password for authentication. SFTP offers more robust authentication options, such as public key authentication, reducing the risk of unauthorized access.
• Firewall Compatibility: FTP may face issues with firewalls due to its multiple connection modes (active and passive). SFTP operates over a single port (usually port 22), simplifying firewall configurations.
• Data Integrity: FTP does not ensure data integrity during transmission. SFTP uses cryptographic hash functions to ensure that files are not corrupted or tampered with during transfer.
• Compliance and Regulations: Many compliance regulations require secure file transfers, which SFTP can fulfill. Using FTP may expose organizations to regulatory risks.