In JavaScript, checking for data types can be done using the `typeof` operator or the `instanceof` operator. The `typeof` operator is used for primitives, while `instanceof` can be used for objects.
Here are some examples:
// Using typeof
console.log(typeof "Hello, World!"); // string
console.log(typeof 42); // number
console.log(typeof true); // boolean
console.log(typeof undefined); // undefined
console.log(typeof null); // object (this is a known quirk in JavaScript)
console.log(typeof Symbol("foo")); // symbol
console.log(typeof BigInt(123)); // bigint
// Using instanceof
console.log([] instanceof Array); // true
console.log({} instanceof Object); // true
console.log(new Date() instanceof Date); // true
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