When should you prefer ReentrantLock and when should you avoid it?

ReentrantLock is a synchronization aid that allows threads to safely access shared resources. It provides more flexibility than traditional synchronized blocks/methods but comes with its own trade-offs.

When to Prefer ReentrantLock

  • Advanced Locking Mechanisms: If you require features such as try-lock, timed lock, or ability to interrupt locks, ReentrantLock is preferred.
  • Multiple Condition Variables: ReentrantLock allows for multiple conditions (Condition objects) to be associated within a single lock, offering more complex signaling mechanisms.
  • Fairness Policy: Choose ReentrantLock if you need a fairness policy that can prevent thread starvation by defining the order of thread access.

When to Avoid ReentrantLock

  • Complexity: For simple synchronization tasks, the use of synchronized blocks/methods is easier to understand and implement.
  • Performance Considerations: If the locking overhead introduced by ReentrantLock negatively impacts performance, it may be better to use synchronized methods.
  • Potential for Deadlocks: With the added flexibility comes added complexity, which can lead to unintentional deadlocks if not used carefully.

Example Usage of ReentrantLock

<?php class SharedResource { private $lock; private $resource; public function __construct() { $this->lock = new ReentrantLock(); $this->resource = 0; } public function increment() { $this->lock->lock(); try { $this->resource++; } finally { $this->lock->unlock(); } } public function getResource() { return $this->resource; } } ?>

ReentrantLock Java synchronization thread safety condition variables concurrency