What is transactions and auto-commit in Java?

In Java, a transaction refers to a sequence of operations performed as a single logical unit of work. A transaction must be either fully completed or fully failed, ensuring data integrity in applications that interact with databases. Transactions are particularly important in systems that require a high degree of reliability and consistency, such as banking and e-commerce applications.

Auto-commit is a mode of operation in which a database automatically commits every individual SQL statement as a transaction. When auto-commit is enabled, each SQL statement is treated as a separate transaction. This means that if an error occurs during execution, the changes made by the previous statements will still persist because they were automatically committed. Turning off auto-commit allows multiple statements to be grouped into a single transaction, which can be committed or rolled back together.

Here's an example of how to work with transactions and auto-commit in Java using JDBC:

// Disable auto-commit mode connection.setAutoCommit(false); try { // Execute SQL statements PreparedStatement stmt1 = connection.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO accounts (name, balance) VALUES (?, ?)"); stmt1.setString(1, "Alice"); stmt1.setDouble(2, 1000.00); stmt1.executeUpdate(); PreparedStatement stmt2 = connection.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO accounts (name, balance) VALUES (?, ?)"); stmt2.setString(1, "Bob"); stmt2.setDouble(2, 1500.00); stmt2.executeUpdate(); // Commit the transaction connection.commit(); } catch (SQLException e) { // Rollback the transaction in case of an error connection.rollback(); e.printStackTrace(); } finally { // Restore auto-commit mode connection.setAutoCommit(true); }

transactions auto-commit Java JDBC database SQL commits rollbacks data integrity

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