What is a deadlock in Java

A deadlock in Java occurs when two or more threads are blocked forever, each waiting for the other to release a resource. This situation arises when two or more threads hold resources that the others need to continue executing. In a deadlock scenario, the threads cannot proceed because they are each waiting for another to release a lock.

To illustrate, consider the following example:


    public class DeadlockExample {
        private final Object lock1 = new Object();
        private final Object lock2 = new Object();

        public void method1() {
            synchronized (lock1) {
                System.out.println("Thread 1: Holding lock 1...");
                try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
                System.out.println("Thread 1: Waiting for lock 2...");
                synchronized (lock2) {
                    System.out.println("Thread 1: Acquired lock 2!");
                }
            }
        }

        public void method2() {
            synchronized (lock2) {
                System.out.println("Thread 2: Holding lock 2...");
                try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
                System.out.println("Thread 2: Waiting for lock 1...");
                synchronized (lock1) {
                    System.out.println("Thread 2: Acquired lock 1!");
                }
            }
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            DeadlockExample de = new DeadlockExample();
            Thread t1 = new Thread(de::method1);
            Thread t2 = new Thread(de::method2);
            t1.start();
            t2.start();
        }
    }

What is a deadlock in Java

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What is a deadlock in Java

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