How do I use member initializer lists in C++?

In C++, member initializer lists are used to initialize class members before the constructor's body executes. This feature is particularly useful for initializing constants, references, or members that don't have a default constructor.

Example of Member Initializer Lists


        class Rectangle {
        private:
            int width, height;
        public:
            // Constructor using member initializer list
            Rectangle(int w, int h) : width(w), height(h) {
                // Constructor body can be empty or can perform other tasks
            }

            int area() {
                return width * height;
            }
        };

        int main() {
            Rectangle rect(10, 5);
            std::cout << "Area: " << rect.area() << std::endl;
            return 0;
        }