In C++, the `override` and `final` specifiers are used in the context of inheritance to control how member functions behave in derived classes. Specifically, `override` indicates that a member function is meant to override a virtual function in a base class, while `final` indicates that a function cannot be overridden in any derived classes.
Using these specifiers helps make your code clearer and safer, preventing certain types of bugs related to inheritance and polymorphism.
class Base {
public:
virtual void show() {
std::cout << "Base class show function called." << std::endl;
}
};
class Derived : public Base {
public:
void show() override { // This is an override
std::cout << "Derived class show function called." << std::endl;
}
};
// Final class
class FinalDerived : public Derived {
public:
void show() final { // This function cannot be overridden
std::cout << "FinalDerived class show function called." << std::endl;
}
};
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