How do I avoid iterator invalidation with std::deque?

In C++, iterators can become invalid due to operations that modify the container they point to. When working with `std::deque`, it is important to be cautious of operations that can lead to iterator invalidation.

To avoid iterator invalidation with `std::deque`, prefer to use member functions that modify elements in place, and be mindful of operations that change the size of the deque.

Here are some tips to keep in mind:

Use `push_back` or `push_front` to add elements.
Avoid unnecessary operations that resize the container.
Iterate through the deque using indexing (e.g., `for(int i = 0; i < deque.size(); ++i)`) instead of using iterators when you anticipate modifications.

Below is an example demonstrating how to safely iterate and modify a `std::deque`:


        // C++ Example Code
        #include 
        #include 

        int main() {
            std::deque myDeque = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < myDeque.size(); ++i) {
                // Modify elements while avoiding iterator invalidation
                myDeque[i] *= 2; // Safe to modify via index
            }

            // Output modified deque
            for (const int& value : myDeque) {
                std::cout << value << " ";
            }

            return 0;
        }

How do I avoid iterator invalidation with std::deque?

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How do I avoid iterator invalidation with std::deque?

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